铸造英语专用词汇大全
1.基本术语铸造 foundry, founding, casting铸造工艺 foundry technology铸件 casting砂型铸造 sand casting process特种铸造 special casting process
2. 合金性能
流动性 fluidity充型能力 mold-filling capacity吸气 gas absorption过冷 undercooling supercooling过冷度 degree of undercooling成核 nucleation自发成核(均质成核) homogeneous nucleation非自发成核(非均质成核)heterogeneous nucleation凝固温度范围 solidification range定向凝固(顺序凝固) directional solidification液态收缩(液体收缩) liquid contraction凝固收缩 solidification contraction固态收缩(固体收缩) solid contraction凝固时间 solidification time自由收缩 free contraction受阻收缩 hindered contraction铸件线收缩率 shrinkage收缩应力 contraction stress热应力 thermal stress相变应力 transformation stress,phase change stress铸造应力 casting stress残留应力(残余应力) residual stress
3. 铸造用材料3.1. 金属原材料
金属原材料 metallic raw material生铁 pig iron铁合金 ferro-alloy回炉料 foundry returns中间合金 master alloy
3.2. 燃料
铸造焦炭 foundry coke冶金焦炭 metallurgical coke固定碳 fixed carbon
3.3. 熔剂
熔剂 flux除气熔剂(除气剂) degassing flux覆盖熔剂(覆盖剂) covering flux精炼熔剂(精炼剂) refining flux耐火度(耐火性) refractoriness耐火砖 firebrick耐火粘土 fireclay硅砖 silica brick镁砂 grain magnesite
3.4. 造型材料
造型材料 molding material砂 sand水洗砂 washed-out sand硅砂 silica sand天然砂 natural sand人工砂 artificial sand天然粘土砂 naturally clay-bonded sand橄榄石砂 olivine sand铬铁矿砂 chromite sand锆砂 zircon sand炭粒砂 carbon sand精硅砂 sharp sand红砂 red sand熟料砂 chamotte sand粘结剂 binder粘土 clay无机粘结剂 inorganic binder有机粘结剂 organic binder高岭土 kaolin膨润土 bentonite钠基膨润土 sodium bentonite钙基膨润土 calcium bentonite活化膨润土 activated bentonite干性油 drying oil硬粘结剂(冷硬粘结剂) no bake binder热固树脂粘结剂 thermosetting resin binder油类粘结剂 oil based binder水玻璃粘结剂 water glass binder, sodium silicate binder纸浆废液 lignin liquor合脂粘结剂 synthetic fat binder水玻璃模数 sodium silicate modulus
3.5. 辅助材料
附加物 additives发热剂 exothermic mixture分型剂(脱模剂) parting agent,stripping agent固化剂(硬化剂)hardener悬浮剂suspending agent涂料 coating型砂制备(砂处理) sand preparation混砂 sand mulling, sand mixing型砂(造型混合料) molding sand芯砂(造芯混合料) core sand合成砂 synthetic sand自硬砂 self-hardening sand水玻璃砂 sodium silicate-bonded sand覆膜砂 precoated sand烂砂泥(麻泥) loam调匀砂 temper sand面砂 facing sand背砂(填充砂) backing sand单一砂 unit sand含泥量 clay content含水量 moisture content旧砂 floor sand枯砂(焦砂) burnt sand废砂 waste sand热砂 hot sand松砂 aeration , sand-cutting筛分(筛析) screen analysis旧砂处理 sand reconditioning旧砂再生 sand reclamation沉降分选 elutriation, decantation型砂性能及试验型砂试验 sand testing透气性 permeability流动性 flowability型砂强度 sand strength湿强度 green strength干强度 dry strength耐用性(复用性) durability砂型(芯)硬度 mold hardness热变形 hot deformation残留强度 retained strength热强度 hot strength韧性 toughness发气率(发气速度) gas evolution rate发气性(发气量) gas evolution吸湿性 moisture absorption落砂性 knock-out capability潰散性 collapsibility胶质价 colloid index破碎指数 shatter index热气流烘砂装置 hot pneumatic tube drier混砂机 sand muller, sand mixer松砂机 aerator, sand cutter冷却提升机 cooling elevator, coolevator筛砂机 riddle磁力滚筒 magnetic separator旧砂再生设备 sand reclamation气力输送装置 pneumatic tube conveyor
4. 铸造合金4.1. 铸铁
铸铁 cast iron铸铁石墨形态 morphology of graphite in cast iron灰铸铁(灰口铸铁) gray cast iron白口铸铁 white cast iron麻口铸铁 mottled cast iron共晶度 degree of saturation碳当量 carbon equivalent初生石墨 primary graphite孕育铸铁 inoculated cast iron球墨铸铁 spheroidal graphite cast iron, nodular graphiteiron, ductile iron球状石墨 spheroidal graphite, nodular graphite可锻铸铁 malleable cast iron黑心可锻铸铁 black heart malleable cast iron珠光体可锻铸铁 pearlitic malleable cast iron铁素体可锻铸铁 ferritic malleable cast iron白心可锻铸铁 white heart malleable cast iron团絮石墨 tempered graphite冷硬铸铁(激冷铸铁) chilled iron耐磨铸铁 wear resisting cast iron耐热铸铁 heat resisting cast iron耐酸铸铁 acid resisting cast iron高硅铸铁 high silicon cast iron蠕墨铸铁 vermicular cast iron,compacted graphite cast iron蠕虫状石墨 vermicular graphite合金铸铁 alloy cast iron
4.2. 铸钢
铸钢 cast steel炭素铸钢 carbon cast iron低合金铸钢 low alloy cast steel高锰钢 high manganese steel铁素体钢 ferritic steel铸造非铁合金青铜 bronze铅青铜 lead bronze铝青铜 aluminum bronze黄铜 brass铝铜合金 aluminum-copper alloy铝镁合金 aluminum-magnesium alloy铝硅合金 aluminum-silicon alloy镁合金 magnesium alloy轴承合金(减摩合金) bearing metal, antifrictional metal巴氏合金 babbitt alloy钛合金 titanium alloy
5. 熔炼工艺及设备5.1. 熔炼基本术语
熔化(熔炼) melting重熔 remelting炉料 charge熔化率 melting rate炉料计算 charge calculation双联熔炼 duplexing元素烧损(元素烧损率) melting losses of various chemical elements熔炼损耗(烧损) total melting loss还原气氛 reducing atmosphere氧化气氛 oxidizing atmosphere惰性气体 inert gas碱度(碱性指数) index of basicity碱性渣 basic slag酸性渣 acid slag精炼 refining遗传性 heredity风口比 tuyere ratio有效高度 effective height送风强度 blast intensity预热送风 hot blast底焦 coke bed层焦 coke split隔焦(结力焦) buffer coke charge炉衬 furnace lining碱性炉衬 basic lining酸性炉衬 acid lining棚料 bridging熔池 bath吸碳 carbon pick-up铁焦比(焦比) iron-coke ratio出渣 deslagging打炉 cupola drop
5.2. 铸钢
氧化熔炼法 oxidizing melting不氧化熔炼法 dead melting真空熔炼 vacuum refining电渣熔炼 electro-slag melting熔渣 slag沉渣 sludge浮渣 dross, cinder氧化期(沸腾期) oxidizing stage,boil还原期 deoxidizing stage,blocking stage还原渣 reducing slag氧化渣 oxidizing slag白渣 white slag脱氧 deoxidation扒渣 slagging- off脱碳 decarburization脱硫 desulphurization脱磷 dephosphorization增碳 recarburizing脱氧剂 deoxidizer挥发损耗 volatilizing losses静置 stewing, holding吹氮 nitrogen flushing
5.3. 熔炼设备
冲天炉 cupola水冷冲天炉 water-cooled cupola热风冲天炉 hot-blast cupola湿法除尘器 wet cap炉缸 cupola well前炉 forehearth冲天炉加料机 cupola charging machine爬式加料机 skip hoist电磁配铁称 electro-magnetic weighing balancer电磁盘 electromagnetic chuck电弧炉(直接电弧炉) arc furnace,direct arc furnace感应电炉 electric induction furnace电渣炉 electroslag furnace电磁搅拌electromagnetic agitation浇包 ladle摇包 shaking ladle底注包 bottom pouring ladle保温炉holding furnace坩埚炉crucible furnace孕育 inoculation多孔塞法 porous plug process变质 modification墨化剂 graphitizer过热 superheating石墨球化处理 nodularizing treatment of graphite碳当量仪eutectometer三角试块 wedge test-piece真空除气vacuum degassing
5.4. 浇注
浇注 pouring保护气氛浇注 pouring under controlled atmosphere浇注速度 pouring rate浇注温度 pouring temperature浇注时间 pouring time浇注位置 pouring position型内孕育 inmold inoculation压铁 weight捣冒口 churning, pumping点冒口(补注) teeming浸入式高温计 immersion pyremeter补炉 patching炉龄(炉衬寿命) campaign
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